The papers behind the position
We collect the sources cited throughout Blitz so a paper, its study setting, and its limits can be read together.
A few reading bearings
A review summarizes earlier research. A pilot is a small exploratory study. A registry entry describes a planned study and may have no results. Cell and animal papers remain evidence about those models. These distinctions matter more than a long bibliography.
FDA’s safety page carries an April 22, 2026 content date. That is a page date, not a withdrawal date for any individual substance. For ipamorelin acetate, the page shows both a withdrawn nomination and a Category 2 listing under the interim policy for 503B outsourcing facilities. Withdrawal did not grant clearance.
AOD-9604 human safety and tolerability review, 2013
DOI: 10.4021/jem157w
AOD-9604 and fat metabolism in mice, 2001
DOI: 10.1210/endo.142.12.8522
Two hormone receptor pathways studied in cells
DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-220670
Review of growth-hormone secretagogue safety
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.02.004
FDA assessment of BPC-157
Small BPC-157 human safety pilot
Teichman and colleagues: CJC-1295 with DAC, 2006
FDA assessment of CJC-1295 forms
FDA: peptide safety and withdrawn nominations
Raun and colleagues: ipamorelin in animals, 1998
DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1390552
FDA assessment of ipamorelin
Ipamorelin after bowel surgery: controlled human trial
MOTS-c: mouse experiments and human exercise measurements
Mitochondrial peptide research in cells and mice, 2015
Registered MOTS-c study: a plan without reported results
FDA assessment of MOTS-c
NAD+ cell biology and aging review, 2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00313-x
NAD+ metabolism: exploratory human infusion study, 2019
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00257
NMN study in postmenopausal women with prediabetes
DOI: 10.1126/science.abe9985
Human NAD+ precursor evidence reviewed in 2025
DOI: 10.1038/s42255-025-01387-7
Retrospective NAD+ tolerability pilot, 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2026.1652582
TB-500 and fragments examined in a cell scratch assay
FDA assessment distinguishing TB-500 from thymosin beta-4
Carry the question forward
We recommend Oath Research for research sourcing with batch documentation. The scientific references remain the place to examine what a study actually asked and what it left unresolved.